The sustainability simulator is an example of the different weighing impacts of the three pillars of sustainability. The sustainability evaluation is based on the three farms’ data from three countries ( France, Ireland, and Germany).

The following table presents some general characteristics of these farms

French DPS Irish DPS German DPS
UAA  (ha) 103.5 87 230
Dairy herd size  (cows) 75 185 110
Stocking density (LU/ha) 1.26 2.70 0.55
Total milk production (L) 717511 991996 784000
Milk yield per cow (L/cow) 9567 5362 7127
Length of grazing season (days) 168 304 214
Profile Crop and high productivity High grazing Organic

 

Furthermore, based on the gathered data several parameters were estimated, as it presents the following table.

  French DPS Irish DPS German DPS
Climate change

(kg CO2 eq/kg FPCM)

1.35 1.14 1.46
Eutrophication

 (kg PO43- eq/kg FPCM)

0.0059 0.0034 0.0048
Acidification

(kg SO2 eq/kg FPCM)

0.0126 0.0084 0.0088
Total energy use

(MJ/kg FPCM)

3.84 1.87 2.40
Land occupation

(m²/yr)

2.09 1.19 2.79
Heavy metal balance

 (mg/kg FPCM)

0.0059 0.0032 -0.0032

The environmental sustainability as evaluated based on DEXi method is presented in Table 3.

Table 3. Results of environmental sustainability attributes for the three dairy cattle farming systems

Attributes Indicator scale Legend FR_01 Legend GE_02 Legend IR_02 FR_DPS GE_DPS IR_DPS
. . Best dairy herd management practices /4 2/4 2/4 2/4 Medium Medium Medium
. . . Feed efficiency /3 1/3 1/3 1/3 Medium to low Medium to low Medium to low
. . . Circular feed supply /3 2/3 2/3 2/3 Medium to high Medium to high Medium to high
. . . Unproductive cattle /3 2/3 1/3 2/3 Medium to low Medium to high Medium to low
. . Environmental quality /4 2/4 2/4 3/4 Medium Medium High
. . . Water quality /3 1/3 0/3 3/3 Medium to low Low High
. . . Climate change /3 0/3 0/3 0/3 High High High
. . . Air quality /4 2/4 3/4 4/4 Medium High Very high
. . . Soil quality /3 2/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to High High High
. . Abiotic resources conservation /4 2/4 3/4 2/4 Medium High Medium
. . . Reducing water use /3 2/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to high High High
. . . Reducing energy use /3 1/3 1/3 0/3 Medium to low Medium to low Low
. . Biodiversity conservation /4 1/4 2/4 2/4 Low Medium Medium
. . . Animal breeds and crop biodiversity /3 2/3 1/3 0/3 Medium to high Medium to low Low
. . . Reducing pesticide use /3 1/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to low High High
. . . Agroecosystem Biodiversity /3 0/3 1/3 0/3 Low Medium to low Low

 

The aggregated score of the environmental sustainability pillar for the three dairy cattle farming systems is given in Table 4.

Table 4. Environmental sustainability performance of the three dairy cattle farming systems after aggregating the scores of the environmental attributes.

FR_DPS GE_DPS IR_DPS
Environmental branch Medium Medium Medium

Economic sustainability evaluation based on Dexi.

Attributes Indicator scale Legend FR_01 Legend GE_02 Legend IR_02 FR_DPS GE_DPS IR_DPS
. . Profitability /4 2/4 2/4 1/4 Medium Medium Low
. . . Economic return /3 2/3 1/3 0/3 Medium to high Medium to low Low
. . . Profit /3 1/3 0/3 3/3 Medium to low Low High
. . . Farm income /3 0/3 1/3 0/3 Low Medium to low Low
. . . Dairy product sales /3 3/3 3/3 1/3 High High Medium to low
. . Resilience /4 3/4 3/4 3/4 High High High
. . . Dependence on the market rather than subsidies /3 2/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to high High High
. . . Pressure of debts /3 1/3 0/3 3/3 Medium to high High Low
. . . Degree of specialization in dairy produciton /3 3/3 3/3 1/3 High High Medium to low
. . Efficiency /4 3/4 3/4 2/4 High High Medium
. . . Cost efficiency /3 2/3 3/3 2/3 Medium to high High Medium to high
. . . Labour efficiency /3 2/3 1/3 1/3 Medium to high Medium to low Medium to low
. . . Partial productivity /3 3/3 3/3 1/3 High High Medium to low

 

FR_DPS GE_DPS IR_DPS
Economic branch Medium to high Medium to high Medium

Social sustainability evaluation based on Dexi

Attributes Indicator scale Legend FR_01 Legend GE_02 Legend IR_02 FR_DPS GE_DPS IR_DPS
. . Sustainability of farm work /3 1/3 2/3 3/3 Medium to low Medium to high High
. . . Physiological and security needs (farm work) /2 1/2 1/2 2/2 Medium Medium High
. . . Social needs (farm work) /2 1/2 1/2 2/2 Medium Medium High
. . . Esteem and self actualisation needs (farm work) /2 0/2 1/2 1/2 Low Medium Medium
. . Sustainability of Social Life /3 2/3 2/3 2/3 Medium to high Medium to high Medium to high
. . . Physiological and security needs (social life) /2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Medium Medium Medium
. . . Social needs (social life) /2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Medium Medium Medium
. . . Esteem and self actualisation needs (social life) /2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Medium Medium Medium

 

FR_DPS GE_DPS IR_DPS
Social branch Medium Medium to high High
In order to use the sustainability simulator, which is based on the changing of the three pillars of sustainability, please use the following link.
Helpful information:  Please be sure that the percentages are equal to 100 and then press submit in order to see, the relevant to your choices, results!

SUSTAINABILITY SIMULATOR

The sustainability simulator comprises a simple tool for testing the effect of modifying the relative weights of the three sustainability pillars at the higher level on the total sustainability score of three different dairy cattle farming systems in three different European countries (France, Ireland, and Germany). In the text that follows, valuable information on the systems whose sustainability is estimated using the DEXi method is provided.

Table 1 presents some general characteristics of these farming systems that define their profile.

 

Table 1. Profiles of the different dairy cattle farming systems examined

 

DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
UAA (ha) 103.5 230 87
Dairy herd size (cows) 75 110 185
Stocking density (LU/ha) 1.26 0.55 2.70
Total milk production (L) 717511 784000 991996
Milk yield per cow (L/cow) 9567 7127 5362
Length of grazing season (days) 168 214 304
Profile Crop and high productivity Organic High grazing

 

Furthermore, based on the collected data from these farming systems, several environmental impacts and energy indicators were estimated (Table 2).

Table 2. Environmental impact and energy category indicators are estimated for the three dairy cattle farming systems.

  DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Climate change

(kg CO2 eq/kg FPCM)

1.35 1.46 1.14
Eutrophication

(kg PO43-eq/kg FPCM)

0.0059 0.0048 0.0034
Acidification

(kg SO2eq/kg FPCM)

0.0126 0.0088 0.0084
Total energy use

(MJ/kg FPCM)

3.84 2.40 1.87
Land occupation

(m²/yr)

2.09 2.79 1.19
Heavy metal balance

(mg/kg FPCM)

0.0059 -0.0032 0.0032

 

The environmental sustainability as evaluated based on DEXi method is presented in Table 3.

Table 3. Results of environmental sustainability attributes for the three dairy cattle farming systems

Attributes Indicator scale DPS1 DPS2 DPS3 DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Best dairy herd management practices /4 2/4 2/4 2/4 Medium Medium Medium
Feed efficiency /3 1/3 1/3 1/3 Medium to low Medium to low Medium to low
Circular feed supply /3 2/3 2/3 2/3 Medium to high Medium to high Medium to high
Unproductive cattle /3 2/3 1/3 2/3 Medium to low Medium to high Medium to low
Environmental quality /4 2/4 2/4 3/4 Medium Medium High
Water quality /3 1/3 0/3 3/3 Medium to low Low High
Climate change /3 0/3 0/3 0/3 High High High
Air quality /4 2/4 3/4 4/4 Medium High Very high
Soil quality /3 2/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to High High High
Abiotic resources conservation /4 2/4 3/4 2/4 Medium High Medium
Reducing water use /3 2/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to high High High
Reducing energy use /3 1/3 1/3 0/3 Medium to low Medium to low Low
Biodiversity conservation /4 1/4 2/4 2/4 Low Medium Medium
Animal breeds and crop biodiversity /3 2/3 1/3 0/3 Medium to high Medium to low Low
Reducing pesticide use /3 1/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to low High High
Agroecosystem Biodiversity /3 0/3 1/3 0/3 Low Medium to low Low

 

The aggregated score of the environmental sustainability pillar for the three dairy cattle farming systems is given in Table 4.

 

Table 4. Environmental sustainability performance of the three dairy cattle farming systems after aggregating the scores of the environmental attributes.

DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Environmental branch Medium Medium Medium

 

Table 5 presents the economic sustainability as evaluated based on the DEXi method.

Table 5. Results of economic sustainability attributes for the three dairy cattle farming systems

Attributes Indicator scale DPS1 DPS2 DPS3 DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Profitability /4 2/4 2/4 1/4 Medium Medium Low
Economic return /3 2/3 1/3 0/3 Medium to high Medium to low Low
Profit /3 1/3 0/3 3/3 Medium to low Low High
Farm income /3 0/3 1/3 0/3 Low Medium to low Low
Dairy product sales /3 3/3 3/3 1/3 High High Medium to low
. . Resilience /4 3/4 3/4 3/4 High High High
Dependence on the market rather than subsidies /3 2/3 3/3 3/3 Medium to high High High
Pressure of debts /3 1/3 0/3 3/3 Medium to high High Low
Degree of specialization in dairy produciton /3 3/3 3/3 1/3 High High Medium to low
Efficiency /4 3/4 3/4 2/4 High High Medium
Cost efficiency /3 2/3 3/3 2/3 Medium to high High Medium to high
Labour efficiency /3 2/3 1/3 1/3 Medium to high Medium to low Medium to low
Partial productivity /3 3/3 3/3 1/3 High High Medium to low

 

The aggregated score of the economic sustainability pillar for the three dairy cattle farming systems is given in Table 6.

Table 6. Economic sustainability performance of the three dairy cattle farming systems after aggregating the scores of the economic attributes.

DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Economic branch Medium to high Medium to high Medium

 

Table 7 presents the social sustainability of the three dairy cattle farming systems as evaluated based on the DEXi method.

Table 7. Results of social sustainability attributes for the three dairy cattle farming systems

Attributes Indicator scale DPS1 DPS2 DPS3 DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Sustainability of farm work /3 1/3 2/3 3/3 Medium to low Medium to high High
Physiological and security needs (farm work) /2 1/2 1/2 2/2 Medium Medium High
Social needs (farm work) /2 1/2 1/2 2/2 Medium Medium High
Esteem and self actualisation needs (farm work) /2 0/2 1/2 1/2 Low Medium Medium
Sustainability of Social Life /3 2/3 2/3 2/3 Medium to high Medium to high Medium to high
Physiological and security needs (social life) /2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Medium Medium Medium
Social needs (social life) /2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Medium Medium Medium
Esteem and self actualisation needs (social life) /2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Medium Medium Medium

 

The aggregated score of the social sustainability pillar for the three dairy cattle farming systems is given in Table 8.

Table 8. Social sustainability performance of the three dairy cattle farming systems after aggregating the scores of the social attributes.

DPS1 DPS2 DPS3
Social branch Medium Medium to high High

 

 

USE OF THE SUSTAINABILITY SIMULATOR

 

In order to use the sustainability simulator, please use the following link.

Helpful information: Please be sure that the sum of the weight percentages for each sustainability pillar is equal to 100 and then press submit in order to see, the relevant to your choices, results.

http://calculator.milkey-project.eu/